Real instances of social systems have a bursty character, meaning that events occur in a clustered manner. For example, the figure below shows how rare…
How grammatically complex are adults’ utterances as compared with those of children? How is a literary text more structurally complex than a Wikipedia source? How…
Various metrics are considered in terms of whether they characterize different kinds of data. For example, in the case of natural language, metrics that specify…
Templates are multi-word expressions with slots, such as “Starting at _ on _ ” or “regard _ as _”, that appear frequently in text and…
A generative model is a mathematical formulation that generates a sample similar to real data. Many such models have been proposed using machine learning methods,…
For mathematical models of language, their potential, limitations, and ways of improvement are investigated in terms of whether they reproduce the complex properties of language….
State-of-the-art word embedding methods represent a word with a single vector and presume a linear vector space, which does not easily incorporate nonlinearity that is…